Re (3): The feeding schedule

It is better to underfeed orphaned puppies. In hand-feeding, it is a good policy to underfeed slightly during the period when the puppy is most susceptible to digestive disturbances. It is also advisable to increase the caloric intake gradually to near ad lib feeding after 3 weeks of age. The feeding can be done with a dropper or syringe. If the formula approaches the composition of bitch’s milk, you need not feed the puppy more often than three times a day.

For the 300g puppy, the daily allowance of 1.5 oz of formula should be divided into three feedings of 0.5 oz each, given at exactly eight hour intervals.

Commonsense is still the most important ingredient in any workable feeding schedule. Start the 300g puppy with 0.25 oz for each feeding by the fourth day.

Continue to increase the amount as he gains weight and responds favourably to feeding. A correlation between a pup’s steady gain in weight and the condition of his stool is the best evidence of satisfactory progress.

Separate compartments and clean cloths or newspapers facilitate careful faecal observation of individual puppies. For the extremely conscientious owners I will include the following suggestions:

Accessory equipment required

1. A sensitive scale

2. A measuring cup marked in cubic centimetres

3. Enamelware pans or bowls and spoons for mixing formulae

4. Pyrex baby nursing bottles and nipples

5. A notebook to record weight and observations on the puppies

In the preparation of the formula and in the handling of the feeding equipment and utensils, cleanliness and proper sanitary conditions must prevail.

Milk is an ideal medium for microbial growth. Do not prepare more formula than is required for a 48 hour period. Divide it into equal portions that are approximately the size required for each feeding. Keep it refrigerated before feeding; warm the formula to about 100