Chris Bosh, who had 28 points and 12 rebounds, and Jose Calderon played major roles as Philadelphia stormed back from a 17-point third-quarter deficit to take the lead with a minute to play in regulation.
Calderon hit a three-pointer off a Bosh assist with 42.9 seconds left to force overtime and Bosh delivered two key field goals in the extra session.
The win made sure the Raptors (38-37) maintained their game and a half lead over the Chicago Bulls in the race for the eighth and final Eastern Conference playoff spot.
The Bulls (36-39) play the Charlotte Bobcats later yesterday.
Bosh broke a 122-122 tie with a layup with about two minutes left in overtime. His bank shot then gave the Raptors a 126-123 advantage.
Andre Iguodala led Philadelphia with 33 points and 11 assists but he scored only three points in the extra session which Toronto dominated.
The loss was the 11th in 14 games for the 76ers (26-50) who are out of the playoff race.